Ruptured giant thoracic hydatid cyst presenting with respiratory symptoms.

Pulmonary hydatid disease remains a global public health issue. Symptoms often result from cyst rupture, causing fever, cough, and hemoptysis. Radiographs may show homogeneous masses, air-fluid levels, or the pathognomonic "water lily" sign. Surgical removal is the primary treatment, with early diagnosis crucial to prevent acute hypersensitivity reactions and death.

Post-operative arrest following pectus excavatum repair: A case report with a systematic review of the published case reports.

Key Clinical Message: Common complications after PE surgery include ventricular tachycardia, cardiac arrest, pneumothorax, and bar displacement. These can lead to severe outcomes, emphasizing the need for caution and meticulous post-operative monitoring. Patients and their families should be well-informed about potential risks during the consent process. Abstract: The objective of this study was to raise awareness among medical staff and surgeons about potential complications, particularly rare and life-threatening ones, associated with pectus excavatum (PE) surgery. PE is the most common chest wall deformity, characterized by sternal depression. Patients primarily seek treatment for cosmetic concerns, but some also report exercise intolerance and shortness of breath. Although surgical repair is the standard treatment, the incidence and nature of severe complications remain unclear and underreported. This study presents a case of a lethal cardiac event following PE surgery and conducts a systematic review of published case reports. This study describes a case of a lethal complication of ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest following the Ravitch procedure for correction of PE in a 10-year-old boy. A systematic review of relevant cases of PE surgery complications was conducted. Of the 506 initial records retrieved, 93 case reports from 83 articles were identified over the 23 years. Among them, 72 patients were male, and 20 cases were female. The average age of patients was 19.2 ± 7.7 years (range: 5-53). Complications had occurred up to 37 years from the time of surgery, with most of the cases (22.5%) occurring during the operation. The most frequent complications included cardiothoracic issues and displacement of the implanted steel bar. In nine patients, complications led to fatal outcomes. Due to the possible risks of PE surgery, particularly in cosmetically motivated cases, surgeons must exercise extreme caution and remain vigilant for rare and potentially life-threatening complications.

Primary benign intratracheal schwannoma: A case report and review of the literature.

Shwannomas are rare benign tumours especially in tracheal. A 16-year-old male presented with a chronic cough, and a thoracic CT scan revealed a pedunculated tumour measuring approximately 11 × 13 mm in size, located 22 mm away from the main carina. Tissue sample was obtained via rigid bronchoscopy and cryobiopsy, and the pathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of a benign nerve sheath tumour consistent with schwannoma. The patient subsequently underwent resection of the tumour and tracheal anastomosis. Schwannomas are uncommon pulmonary tumours that typically occur in adults, with a higher incidence among females. The presenting symptoms vary depending on the size and location of the tumour. Treatment options include therapeutic bronchoscopy or surgical resection, with the choice of approach based on tumour characteristics (pedunculated or sessile), preoperative surgical risk, and risk of recurrence. The prognosis is generally favourable, with a low risk of recurrence and excellent outcomes.

COVID-19 and spontaneous pneumothorax: a survival analysis.

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 Patients may be at risk for involving with spontaneous pneumothorax. However, clinical data are lacking in this regard. In this study, we aimed to investigate the demographic, clinical, and radiological characteristics and survival predictors in COVID-19 patients with pneumothorax. METHODS: This is a retrospectivestudy conducted on COVID-19 patients with pneumothorax that had been hospitalized at hospital. l from December 2021 to March 2022. The chest computed tomography (CT) scan of all patients was reviewed by an experienced pulmonologist in search of pulmonary pneumothorax. Survival analysis was conducted to identify the predictors of survival in patients with COVID-19 and pneumothorax. RESULTS: A total of 67 patients with COVID-19 and pneumothorax were identified. Of these, 40.7% were located in the left lung, 40.7% were in the right lung, and 18.6% were found bilaterally. The most common symptoms in the patient with pneumothorax were dyspnea (65.7%), increased cough severity (53.7%), chest pain (25.4%), and hemoptysis (16.4%). The frequency of pulmonary left and right bullae, pleural effusion, andfungus ball were 22.4%, 22.4%, 22.4%, and 7.5%, respectively. Pneumothorax was managed with chest drain (80.6%), chest drain and surgery (6%), and conservatively (13.4%). The 50-day mortality rate was 52.2% (35 patients). The average survival time for deceased patients was 10.06 (2.17) days. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrated that those with pleural effusion or pulmonary bullae have a lower survival rate. Further studies are required to investigate the incidence and causality relation between COVID-19 and pneumothorax.

The thoracoacromial artery as the lifeboat in recipient artery deficiency in complex chest wall defect reconstruction.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Reconstruction of chest wall defects is a complex procedure requiring an accurate understanding of the complete anatomy of the chest wall to deal with challenging defects. This report investigates the use of the thoracoacromial artery and cephalic vein as recipient vessels in a musculocutaneous latissimus dorsi free flap to cover the large chest wall defect resulting from post-radiation necrosis for breast cancer. CASE PRESENTATION: A 25-year-old woman with established necrotic osteochondritis of the left side ribs following radiotherapy in breast cancer management was admitted for reconstructing the violated chest wall. The contralateral latissimus dorsi muscle was selected as an alternative to the previously used ipsilateral muscle. The thoracoacromial artery was the only one available as a recipient artery with a successful outcome. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Breast cancer is the most common indication for radiotherapy. Osteoradionecrosis can present months to years after radiation with deep ulcers and major bone destruction with soft tissue necrosis. Large defect reconstruction is sometimes challenging due to lack of recipient artery and vein because of previous unsuccessful interventions. Thoracoacromial artery and its branches can be recommended as a good alternative recipient artery. CONCLUSION: The Thoracoacromial artery may aid surgeons in achieving successful anastomoses in difficult thoracic defects.

Intrathoracic gossypiboma presenting 47 years later as a purulent fistula: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Intrathoracic gossypiboma is a consequence of retained sponge/swap, gauzoma, muslinoma, textiloma, or cottonoid in the thoracic cavity during surgery. The thoracic cavity is of the rarest place for gossypiboma as these entities most occur after abdominal surgery. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of intrathoracic gossypiboma that was missed for an extended period of time with no symptoms and was successfully treated with surgical intervention. CONCLUSIONS: The rarity of gossypiboma necessitates a high index of suspicion for correct diagnosis. Gossypiboma is often difficult to diagnose, leading to misdiagnosis and unnecessary interventions. It is important to consider this entity as a diagnosis in any case with an unexplained or unusual presentation during the postoperative period.